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JavaScript reference

typeof

Returns a string with the type of a value.

Available since: ES1

Syntax

typeof value

Examples

The types of basic values:

console.log(typeof 42);
console.log(typeof 'hi');
console.log(typeof true);
console.log(typeof undefined);
console.log(typeof (() => {}));

Output:

number
string
boolean
undefined
function

Surprising results:

console.log(typeof null);
console.log(typeof []);
console.log(typeof NaN);

Output:

object
object
number

Notes

typeof null returns object — an old language bug that can never be fixed. Arrays also give object, so check arrays with Array.isArray() and null with value === null.

The possible answers are undefined, boolean, number, bigint, string, symbol, function and object.

See also

  • instanceof — Checks whether an object was created by a class (or a subclass).
  • Array.isArray — Checks whether a value is an array.
  • Number.isNaN — Checks that a value is NaN, without type conversion.

Related recipes

In the tutorial

  • Data types — The main JavaScript data types — numbers, strings, booleans, null and undefined, and the typeof operator.

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